Musical Preferences are Linked to Cognitive Styles
Identifieur interne : 000169 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000168; suivant : 000170Musical Preferences are Linked to Cognitive Styles
Auteurs : David M. Greenberg [Royaume-Uni] ; Simon Baron-Cohen [Royaume-Uni] ; David J. Stillwell [Royaume-Uni] ; Michal Kosinski [États-Unis] ; Peter J. Rentfrow [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- PLoS ONE ; 2015.
Abstract
Why do we like the music we do? Research has shown that musical preferences and personality are linked, yet little is known about other influences on preferences such as cognitive styles. To address this gap, we investigated how individual differences in musical preferences are explained by the empathizing-systemizing (E-S) theory. Study 1 examined the links between empathy and musical preferences across four samples. By reporting their preferential reactions to musical stimuli, samples 1 and 2 (
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131151
PubMed: 26200656
PubMed Central: 4511638
Affiliations:
- Royaume-Uni, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Angleterre de l'Est, Californie
- Cambridge
- Université de Cambridge
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Greenberg</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baron Cohen, Simon" sort="Baron Cohen, Simon" uniqKey="Baron Cohen S" first="Simon" last="Baron-Cohen">Simon Baron-Cohen</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stillwell, David J" sort="Stillwell, David J" uniqKey="Stillwell D" first="David J." last="Stillwell">David J. Stillwell</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>The Psychometrics Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>The Psychometrics Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kosinski, Michal" sort="Kosinski, Michal" uniqKey="Kosinski M" first="Michal" last="Kosinski">Michal Kosinski</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rentfrow, Peter J" sort="Rentfrow, Peter J" uniqKey="Rentfrow P" first="Peter J." last="Rentfrow">Peter J. Rentfrow</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="e-ISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Why do we like the music we do? Research has shown that musical preferences and personality are linked, yet little is known about other influences on preferences such as cognitive styles. To address this gap, we investigated how individual differences in musical preferences are explained by the empathizing-systemizing (E-S) theory. Study 1 examined the links between empathy and musical preferences across four samples. By reporting their preferential reactions to musical stimuli, samples 1 and 2 (<italic>Ns</italic> = 2,178 and 891) indicated their preferences for music from 26 different genres, and samples 3 and 4 (<italic>Ns</italic> = 747 and 320) indicated their preferences for music from only a single genre (rock or jazz). Results across samples showed that empathy levels are linked to preferences even within genres and account for significant proportions of variance in preferences over and above personality traits for various music-preference dimensions. Study 2 (<italic>N</italic> = 353) replicated and extended these findings by investigating how musical preferences are differentiated by E-S cognitive styles (i.e., ‘brain types’). Those who are type E (bias towards empathizing) preferred music on the Mellow dimension (R&B/soul, adult contemporary, soft rock genres) compared to type S (bias towards systemizing) who preferred music on the Intense dimension (punk, heavy metal, and hard rock). Analyses of fine-grained psychological and sonic attributes in the music revealed that type E individuals preferred music that featured low arousal (gentle, warm, and sensual attributes), negative valence (depressing and sad), and emotional depth (poetic, relaxing, and thoughtful), while type S preferred music that featured high arousal (strong, tense, and thrilling), and aspects of positive valence (animated) and cerebral depth (complexity). The application of these findings for clinicians, interventions, and those on the autism spectrum (largely type S or extreme type S) are discussed.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Blacking, J" uniqKey="Blacking J">J. Blacking</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Denora, T" uniqKey="Denora T">T. DeNora</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Boer, D" uniqKey="Boer D">D. Boer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fischer, R" uniqKey="Fischer R">R. Fischer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Strack, M" uniqKey="Strack M">M. Strack</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bond, M H" uniqKey="Bond M">M. H. Bond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lo, E" uniqKey="Lo E">E. Lo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lam, J" uniqKey="Lam J">J. 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Fonagy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Angleterre de l'Est</li><li>Californie</li></region><settlement><li>Cambridge</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Cambridge</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Greenberg, David M" sort="Greenberg, David M" uniqKey="Greenberg D" first="David M." last="Greenberg">David M. Greenberg</name></region><name sortKey="Baron Cohen, Simon" sort="Baron Cohen, Simon" uniqKey="Baron Cohen S" first="Simon" last="Baron-Cohen">Simon Baron-Cohen</name><name sortKey="Rentfrow, Peter J" sort="Rentfrow, Peter J" uniqKey="Rentfrow P" first="Peter J." last="Rentfrow">Peter J. Rentfrow</name><name sortKey="Stillwell, David J" sort="Stillwell, David J" uniqKey="Stillwell D" first="David J." last="Stillwell">David J. Stillwell</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Californie"><name sortKey="Kosinski, Michal" sort="Kosinski, Michal" uniqKey="Kosinski M" first="Michal" last="Kosinski">Michal Kosinski</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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